{"id":8185,"date":"2023-05-23T11:48:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-23T15:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/?p=8185"},"modified":"2023-05-23T12:36:06","modified_gmt":"2023-05-23T16:36:06","slug":"slapps-speech-and-standing-up-for-equality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/fr\/libertes-fondamentales\/le-discours-de-slapps-et-la-defense-de-legalite\/","title":{"rendered":"SLAPP, discours et d\u00e9fense de l'\u00e9galit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Si vous \u00e9tiez menac\u00e9 d'un proc\u00e8s en diffamation co\u00fbteux, cela vous emp\u00eacherait-il de parler des probl\u00e8mes qui vous tiennent \u00e0 c\u0153ur\u00a0?<\/p>\n

\u00c0 l'ACLC, nous pensons que les lois sur la diffamation ne devraient pas d\u00e9courager les gens de participer aux discussions et d\u00e9bats d\u00e9mocratiques. C'est le message que nous avons port\u00e9 \u00e0 la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada le 11 octobre 2022, dans le cadre du\u00a0Hansman contre Neufeld\u00a0<\/em>appel. Nous sommes heureux de constater que la d\u00e9cision majoritaire de la Cour reconna\u00eet l'importance de prot\u00e9ger le d\u00e9bat public et la libre expression des id\u00e9es. La d\u00e9cision interpr\u00e8te et applique la loi sur la diffamation d'une mani\u00e8re qui \u00e9quilibre de mani\u00e8re appropri\u00e9e la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de sauvegarder les int\u00e9r\u00eats de r\u00e9putation et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de promouvoir et de prot\u00e9ger la libert\u00e9 d'expression sur les questions d'int\u00e9r\u00eat public.<\/p>\n

L'appel d\u00e9coule d'un d\u00e9bat en Colombie-Britannique sur SOGI 123, un ensemble de ressources destin\u00e9es aux enseignants visant \u00e0 initier les \u00e9l\u00e8ves aux questions d'orientation sexuelle et d'identit\u00e9 de genre d'une mani\u00e8re adapt\u00e9e \u00e0 leur \u00e2ge. Barry Neufeld, un conseiller scolaire \u00e9lu de Chilliwack, a publi\u00e9 un article sur Facebook qui attaque SOGI 123 pour avoir promu ce qu'il consid\u00e8re comme une \u00ab id\u00e9ologie du genre \u00bb inappropri\u00e9e. \u00c0 son tour, Glen Hansman \u2013 alors pr\u00e9sident de la BC Teachers' Federation \u2013 s'est exprim\u00e9 dans les m\u00e9dias, d\u00e9non\u00e7ant la publication sur Facebook. Il a fait valoir que les propos de Neufeld \u00e9taient discriminatoires et favoriseraient un environnement d'apprentissage dangereux pour les \u00e9l\u00e8ves 2SLGBTQI+. Sur la base de ces commentaires publics, Neufeld a poursuivi Hansman pour diffamation.<\/p>\n

L'appel devant la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada tenait compte de la situation de la Colombie-Britannique.\u00a0Loi sur la protection de la participation publique<\/em><\/a>, qui a introduit en 2019 des modifications au droit de la proc\u00e9dure civile visant \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger le d\u00e9bat ouvert sur les questions d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat public. La loi vise \u00e0 \u00e9liminer les \u00ab poursuites strat\u00e9giques contre la participation du public \u00bb (appel\u00e9es-b\u00e2illons) \u2013 des poursuites qui peuvent avoir peu de fondement, mais qui ont pour effet de mettre fin au d\u00e9bat sur des questions d\u2019importance publique. Malgr\u00e9 la\u00a0PPPA<\/em>\u00a0et des lois similaires en Ontario et au Qu\u00e9bec, certains Canadiens se retrouvent entra\u00een\u00e9s dans des batailles juridiques longues et co\u00fbteuses en raison de leur participation aux d\u00e9bats publics. La menace d\u2019un proc\u00e8s en diffamation peut souvent \u00ab paralyser \u00bb l\u2019expression et d\u00e9courager les gens de s\u2019exprimer sur des questions importantes. Dans cette affaire, la poursuite intent\u00e9e par M. Neufeld contre M. Hansman a \u00e9t\u00e9 initialement rejet\u00e9e par le BC<\/p>\n

Cour supr\u00eame, mais cette d\u00e9cision a \u00e9t\u00e9 infirm\u00e9e par la Cour d'appel de la Colombie-Britannique. La Cour supr\u00eame, par 6 voix contre 1, a r\u00e9tabli la d\u00e9cision de la Cour supr\u00eame de la Colombie-Britannique et rejet\u00e9 la demande de M. Neufeld.<\/p>\n

Dans notre intervention, l'ACLC s'est concentr\u00e9e sur la d\u00e9fense du \u00ab commentaire \u00e9quitable \u00bb, une doctrine juridique qui prot\u00e8ge notre capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 exprimer des opinions \u2013 qu'il s'agisse de laisser un avis n\u00e9gatif sur Yelp ou de critiquer des politiciens. Les d\u00e9bats publics peuvent parfois \u00eatre houleux, impolis, voire caustiques. Pourtant, nous croyons que, pour citer la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada, \u00ab la controverse publique peut \u00eatre une affaire difficile, et la loi doit r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ses exigences \u00bb. M\u00eame si la d\u00e9cision majoritaire ne modifie pas la d\u00e9fense de commentaire loyal comme nous l\u2019avions propos\u00e9, elle reconna\u00eet clairement et explicitement que les all\u00e9gations de racisme, d\u2019homophobie et d\u2019autres formes de pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s sont plus \u00e0 juste titre qualifi\u00e9es de commentaires et non de faits. Par cons\u00e9quent, fonder une plainte pour diffamation sur ces seuls types d\u2019all\u00e9gations aboutira probablement \u00e0 une d\u00e9fense de commentaires \u00e9quitables r\u00e9ussie. Dans les circonstances de cette affaire, cela signifiait que la demande du demandeur aurait d\u00fb \u00eatre rejet\u00e9e. La majorit\u00e9 a estim\u00e9 qu'il existait un grand int\u00e9r\u00eat public \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger la libert\u00e9 d'expression de M. Hansman, soulignant que son sujet, la forme sous laquelle elle \u00e9tait exprim\u00e9e et la motivation qui la sous-tendait (lutter contre les expressions discriminatoires et pr\u00e9judiciables, prot\u00e9ger les jeunes transgenres dans les \u00e9coles) ) m\u00e9ritent tous une protection importante.<\/p>\n

Comme\u00a0Hansman contre Neufeld\u00a0<\/em>spectacles, prot\u00e9ger la libert\u00e9 d'expression\u00a0aussi\u00a0<\/em>favorise l'\u00e9galit\u00e9.\u00a0Il permet aux groupes en qu\u00eate d'\u00e9quit\u00e9 et \u00e0 leurs alli\u00e9s de soulever des probl\u00e8mes<\/a>, partager leurs exp\u00e9riences, critiquer les personnes en position de pouvoir et gagner le soutien du public - sans craindre que la loi ne soit utilis\u00e9e contre eux. Comme les tribunaux canadiens l'ont reconnu, la libert\u00e9 d'expression est un pivot qui prot\u00e8ge notre capacit\u00e9 de participer \u00e0 la d\u00e9mocratie, de nous exprimer et de poursuivre la recherche de la v\u00e9rit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Un grand merci \u00e0 nos cr\u00e9atifs et engag\u00e9s\u00a0pro bono\u00a0<\/em>conseiller en\u00a0Hansman contre Neufeld<\/em>, Lillianne Cadieux-Shaw et Alexi Wood.<\/p>\n

Lire notre m\u00e9moire\u00a0ICI<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t

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\u00c0 propos de l\u2019association canadienne sur les libert\u00e9s civiles<\/h3>\n
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L\u2019ACLC est un organisme ind\u00e9pendant \u00e0 but non lucratif qui compte des sympathisant.e.s dans tout le pays. Fond\u00e9 en 1964, c\u2019est un organisme qui \u0153uvre \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du Canada \u00e0 la protection des droits et des libert\u00e9s civiles de toute sa population.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les m\u00e9dias<\/h3>\n
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Pour d'autres commentaires, veuillez nous contacter \u00e0\u00a0media@ccla.org<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les mises \u00e0 jour en direct<\/h3>\n
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Veuillez continuer \u00e0 vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0\u00a0cette page<\/a>\u00a0et \u00e0 nos plateformes de m\u00e9dias sociaux. On est dessus\u00a0Instagram<\/u><\/a>,\u00a0Facebook<\/u><\/a>, et\u00a0Twitter<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L'ACLC compara\u00eet devant la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada dans l'importante affaire de diffamation Hansman c. Neufeld.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4661,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[106,31,52],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-8185","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-defamation","8":"category-fundamental-freedoms","9":"category-lgbtq2s"},"yoast_head":"\nSLAPPs, Speech, and Standing Up for Equality - CCLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SLAPPs, Speech, and Standing Up for Equality - CCLA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"CCLA appears before the Supreme Court of Canada in key defamation case of Hansman v Neufeld.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/fr\/libertes-fondamentales\/le-discours-de-slapps-et-la-defense-de-legalite\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CCLA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-05-23T15:48:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-05-23T16:36:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/privacy-judge-writing-N6GSRQJ.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"CCLA\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"CCLA\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimation du temps de lecture\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/fundamental-freedoms\/slapps-speech-and-standing-up-for-equality\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/fundamental-freedoms\/slapps-speech-and-standing-up-for-equality\/\",\"name\":\"SLAPPs, Speech, and Standing Up for Equality - 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