{"id":2538,"date":"2019-01-11T16:00:46","date_gmt":"2019-01-11T16:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/?p=2538"},"modified":"2021-09-22T18:13:32","modified_gmt":"2021-09-22T18:13:32","slug":"a-victory-for-democratic-rights-at-the-supreme-court","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/fr\/libertes-fondamentales\/droits-democratiques\/une-victoire-pour-les-droits-democratiques-a-la-cour-supreme\/","title":{"rendered":"Une victoire pour les droits d\u00e9mocratiques \u00e0 la Cour supr\u00eame"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Aujourd'hui, la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada a rendu sa d\u00e9cision tant attendue dans\u00a0Frank c. Canada<\/i>, des dispositions frappantes de l'ancien\u00a0Loi \u00e9lectorale du Canada\u00a0<\/i>qui avait interdit \u00e0 certains citoyens canadiens non-r\u00e9sidents de voter aux \u00e9lections f\u00e9d\u00e9rales.<\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9cision est une victoire pour le principe de l'\u00e9galit\u00e9 des citoyens. Nous avions soutenu, devant la Cour supr\u00eame, que les restrictions de vote cr\u00e9aient effectivement un syst\u00e8me discriminatoire de citoyennet\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux, qui traitait les non-r\u00e9sidents comme des citoyens moins canadiens de deuxi\u00e8me classe. La d\u00e9cision d'aujourd'hui confirme que ce syst\u00e8me de citoyennet\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux est contraire \u00e0 la\u00a0Charte<\/i>\u00a0larges protections du droit de vote.<\/p>\n

Avant la d\u00e9cision de la Cour, le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral du Canada avait modifi\u00e9 la\u00a0Loi \u00e9lectorale du Canada\u00a0<\/i>et a supprim\u00e9 les dispositions contest\u00e9es, qui refusaient le droit de vote aux \u00e9lecteurs \u00ab non-r\u00e9sidents \u00bb, c'est-\u00e0-dire aux citoyens canadiens qui r\u00e9sident \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger depuis plus de cinq ann\u00e9es cons\u00e9cutives ou aux citoyens canadiens qui sont \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger depuis moins de cinq ans mais qui pas l'intention de retourner au Canada. Pourtant, la d\u00e9cision d'aujourd'hui a des implications importantes \u00e0 la fois pour l'avenir du droit de vote au Canada et pour le sens de la citoyennet\u00e9 canadienne en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral.<\/p>\n

Une majorit\u00e9 de la Cour supr\u00eame a estim\u00e9 que la restriction du vote n'\u00e9tait pas adapt\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re ad\u00e9quate pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 un probl\u00e8me sp\u00e9cifique. En effet, la l\u00e9gislation \u00e9tait trop inclusive, restreignant les droits des \u00e9lecteurs qui \u00e9taient fortement engag\u00e9s envers le Canada et qui \u00e9taient profond\u00e9ment touch\u00e9s par la l\u00e9gislation et les politiques canadiennes. La majorit\u00e9 a \u00e9galement not\u00e9 que tout bien obtenu en assurant l'\u00e9quit\u00e9 \u00e9lectorale pour les Canadiens r\u00e9sidents \u00e9tait clairement contrebalanc\u00e9 par les effets de la privation du droit de vote aux Canadiens non-r\u00e9sidents. Cela est particuli\u00e8rement vrai dans une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 mondialis\u00e9e, o\u00f9 de nombreux Canadiens choisissent maintenant de vivre \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger pendant de longues p\u00e9riodes. La d\u00e9cision constituera d\u00e9sormais une limite importante \u00e0 tout futur gouvernement tentant de refuser le droit de vote aux \u00e9lecteurs non-r\u00e9sidents.<\/p>\n

Nos arguments devant la Cour supr\u00eame se sont concentr\u00e9s sur les raisons pour lesquelles les interdictions de vote fond\u00e9es sur la r\u00e9sidence \u00e9taient contraires \u00e0 la valeur d'\u00e9galit\u00e9 qui sous-tend la\u00a0Charte\u00a0<\/i>droit de vote. Avant d'\u00eatre modifi\u00e9, le\u00a0Loi \u00e9lectorale canadienne\u00a0<\/i>trait\u00e9 toute une cat\u00e9gorie de citoyens canadiens, comptant des centaines de milliers de citoyens canadiens, diff\u00e9remment et injustement en fonction d'une caract\u00e9ristique personnelle \u2014 leur lieu de r\u00e9sidence.<\/p>\n

Le gouvernement a soutenu, \u00e0 l'appui de ces restrictions au droit de vote, que le vote devrait \u00eatre r\u00e9serv\u00e9 aux Canadiens qui sont le plus touch\u00e9s par les lois canadiennes et qui sont tenus de les respecter. Mais comme la majorit\u00e9 l'a reconnu aujourd'hui, ces arguments manquent la cible. Les Canadiens r\u00e9sidant \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger paient de l'imp\u00f4t sur les revenus r\u00e9alis\u00e9s au Canada, ont souvent de la famille au Canada et peuvent \u00eatre, et sont souvent, assujettis aux lois canadiennes qui s'appliquent \u00e0 l'ext\u00e9rieur de nos fronti\u00e8res (comme, par exemple, nos lois r\u00e9gissant le financement des campagnes et la publicit\u00e9 \u00e9lectorale) . Bref, ils ont un int\u00e9r\u00eat r\u00e9el dans les lois et les politiques canadiennes et ne devraient pas \u00eatre laiss\u00e9s sans repr\u00e9sentation politique.<\/p>\n

Plus troublant encore, les interdictions de voter fond\u00e9es sur la r\u00e9sidence privent toute une cat\u00e9gorie de Canadiens de la possibilit\u00e9 de s'acquitter de leurs devoirs fondamentaux de citoyennet\u00e9 d\u00e9mocratique et les privent ainsi de leur autonomie personnelle et de leur autod\u00e9termination. Ils cr\u00e9ent une cat\u00e9gorie de citoyens de \u00ab seconde classe \u00bb auxquels on ne fait pas confiance pour exprimer pleinement leurs pr\u00e9occupations politiques. Le caract\u00e8re discriminatoire de cette citoyennet\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux est accentu\u00e9 par les corr\u00e9lations qui existent souvent entre la r\u00e9sidence et l'origine ethnique ou nationale. Les restrictions fond\u00e9es sur la r\u00e9sidence garantissent que les cat\u00e9gories de citoyens de certaines origines ethniques ou nationales auront moins leur mot \u00e0 dire dans la politique canadienne, car ces groupes sont plus susceptibles de vivre \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger pendant de longues p\u00e9riodes.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9cision d'aujourd'hui est une victoire importante pour le droit de vote au Canada. Une diff\u00e9rence de lieu de r\u00e9sidence ne peut tout simplement pas justifier de priver des individus de leur droit d'\u00eatre des citoyens canadiens \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re et \u00e9gaux.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t

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\u00c0 propos de l\u2019association canadienne sur les libert\u00e9s civiles<\/h3>\n
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L\u2019ACLC est un organisme ind\u00e9pendant \u00e0 but non lucratif qui compte des sympathisant.e.s dans tout le pays. Fond\u00e9 en 1964, c\u2019est un organisme qui \u0153uvre \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du Canada \u00e0 la protection des droits et des libert\u00e9s civiles de toute sa population.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les m\u00e9dias<\/h3>\n
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Pour d'autres commentaires, veuillez nous contacter \u00e0\u00a0media@ccla.org<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les mises \u00e0 jour en direct<\/h3>\n
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Veuillez continuer \u00e0 vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0\u00a0cette page<\/a>\u00a0et \u00e0 nos plateformes de m\u00e9dias sociaux. On est dessus\u00a0Instagram<\/u><\/a>,\u00a0Facebook<\/u><\/a>, et\u00a0Twitter<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aujourd'hui, la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada a rendu sa d\u00e9cision tant attendue dans Frank c Canada, annulant les dispositions de l'ancienne Loi \u00e9lectorale du Canada qui interdisaient \u00e0 certains citoyens canadiens non-r\u00e9sidents de voter aux \u00e9lections f\u00e9d\u00e9rales.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":295,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79,31,111],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2538","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-democratic-rights","8":"category-fundamental-freedoms","9":"category-voting-rights"},"yoast_head":"\nA Victory For Democratic Rights At The Supreme Court - CCLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Victory For Democratic Rights At The Supreme Court - 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