{"id":15123,"date":"2020-09-25T08:42:56","date_gmt":"2020-09-25T12:42:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/non-classe\/lhotel-de-ville-peut-il-deployer-une-application-de-tracage-de-contacts-sur-ses-telephones\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T14:34:00","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T18:34:00","slug":"lhotel-de-ville-peut-il-deployer-une-application-de-tracage-de-contacts-sur-ses-telephones","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/fr\/vie-privee\/lhotel-de-ville-peut-il-deployer-une-application-de-tracage-de-contacts-sur-ses-telephones\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019h\u00f4tel de ville peut-il \u00ab d\u00e9ployer \u00bb une application de tra\u00e7age de contacts sur ses t\u00e9l\u00e9phones?"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1355″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_1=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbpost-links\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][divider line_type=\u00a0\u00bbNo Line\u00a0\u00bb custom_height=\u00a0\u00bb30″][vc_column_text]\n

25 septembre 2020<\/b><\/p>\n

Par Michael Bryant, directeur ex\u00e9cutif, Association canadienne des libert\u00e9s civiles<\/strong><\/p>\n

Avant une deuxi\u00e8me vague de la<\/span>Coronavirus<\/span>au Canada, <\/span>Maire adjoint de Toronto <\/span>Stephen Holiday pose la question <\/span>Ville <\/span>Conseil <\/span>(le 30 septembre<\/span>th<\/span>) <\/span>si <\/span>\u00c7a<\/span>\u2019<\/span>S <\/span>pour la ville <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>exploiter sa puissance <\/span>En tant qu\u2019employeur, <\/span>en \u00ab d\u00e9ployant \u00bb le <\/span>Application de notification d\u2019exposition du pays,<\/span>Alerte COVID<\/span><\/a>, sur tous ses t\u00e9l\u00e9phones mobiles appartenant \u00e0 la Ville utilis\u00e9s par des milliers d\u2019employ\u00e9s. <\/span>Une municipalit\u00e9 peut-elle <\/span>d\u00e9cider quoi <\/span>Les applications vont<\/span> sur ses t\u00e9l\u00e9phones mobiles<\/span>, si le <\/span>p<\/span>Hones<\/span> <\/span>alors <\/span>est-ce <\/span> que les travailleurs de la Ville<\/span> surveillent <\/span>d\u2019une certaine fa\u00e7on?<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Ralentis, on dirait. <\/span> <\/span>Gardez \u00e0 l\u2019esprit<\/span> que <\/span>le Canada a adopt\u00e9 une approche tr\u00e8s soigneusement r\u00e9fl\u00e9chie et ax\u00e9e sur la confidentialit\u00e9 pour la technologie de recherche des contacts. <\/span>L\u2019utilisation<\/span> de l\u2019application <\/span>d\u2019alerte COVID <\/span>est explicitement <\/span>volontaire<\/span><\/i>. Toutes <\/span> les analyses de confidentialit\u00e9 men\u00e9es <\/span>partaient du principe que<\/span> les individus auraient le choix de consentir de mani\u00e8re significative \u00e0 son utilisation<\/span>. S<\/span> o Conseil <\/span>devrait <\/span>r\u00e9aliser qu\u2019il <\/span>pourrait <\/span>jouer avec <\/span>cette pr\u00e9somption sous-jacente.<\/span> <\/span>Cela pourrait nuire \u00e0 la <\/span>confiance publique <\/span>dont l\u2019effort national <\/span>de sant\u00e9 publique a besoin pour \u00eatre efficace. <\/span>Le conseil<\/span> devrait au moins entendre ses travailleurs, <\/span>ainsi que les responsables de la sant\u00e9 publique au niveau f\u00e9d\u00e9ral et provincial, avant qu\u2019une id\u00e9e trop ing\u00e9nieuse n\u2019aille plus loin. <\/span> <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

En mettant de c\u00f4t\u00e9 ce <\/span>risque g\u00e9ant, <\/span>il y a la question des <\/span> droits des travailleurs<\/span>. <\/span>Un employeur <\/span>peut poss\u00e9der les t\u00e9l\u00e9phones de ses travailleurs, mais pas <\/span> la dignit\u00e9, la libert\u00e9<\/span> ou<\/span> la vie priv\u00e9e de leurs travailleurs. <\/span> <\/span>Les tribunaux ont reconnu que les travailleurs poss\u00e9dant des t\u00e9l\u00e9phones appartenant \u00e0 l\u2019employeur ont une attente raisonnable de vie priv\u00e9e, bien que r\u00e9duite, <\/span>afin de permettre <\/span> \u00e0 l\u2019employeur d\u2019acc\u00e9der \u00e0 leur propri\u00e9t\u00e9. Parfois <\/span><\/span> Cet acc\u00e8s <\/span>est abord\u00e9 lors du<\/span>processus de n\u00e9gociation ollective<\/span>, <\/span>mais <\/span>la plupart des <\/span> ententes<\/span> de travail<\/span> <\/span>Je ne voyais pas la pand\u00e9mie arriver.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Ni le \u00ab<\/span> d\u00e9ploiement \u00bb<\/span> <\/span>si l\u2019application<\/span> pourrait \u00eatre justifi\u00e9e simplement en soufflant le sifflet COVID. Prendre<\/span>des droits signifie <\/span>s\u00e9rieusement atteindre la proportionnalit\u00e9 entre les moyens et les fins. <\/span>La <\/span>nature de l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 la vie priv\u00e9e dans ce cas est <\/span>tr\u00e8s s\u00e9rieuse : le suivi<\/span> <\/span>Avec qui j\u2019ai \u00e9t\u00e9 en contact est le sujet de <\/span>la surveillance polici\u00e8re n\u00e9cessitant des mandats. <\/span>D\u2019un autre c\u00f4t\u00e9, l\u2019impact sur la vie priv\u00e9e est faible, gr\u00e2ce aux <\/span>protections <\/span> int\u00e9gr\u00e9es et au contr\u00f4le que l\u2019application donne \u00e0 l\u2019utilisateur. <\/span>Mais <\/span>l\u2019utilit\u00e9 en sant\u00e9 publique <\/span>est aussi <\/span>faible<\/span> pour<\/span> l\u2019instant<\/span>. C\u2019est bas parce qu\u2019il n\u2019y a pas assez de gens qui l\u2019utilisent<\/span> et \u00e7a ne changera pas, peu importe ce que fait Toronto. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Donc<\/span>, si les avantages et les inconv\u00e9nients sont faibles, <\/span>un employeur peut-il<\/span> faire cela <\/span>unilat\u00e9ralement? <\/span>Travail<\/span> canadien <\/span> <\/span>Le droit propose un <\/span>crit\u00e8re<\/span> facile \u00e0 poser mais pas \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre<\/span> : <\/span>s\u2019il est <\/span>raisonnable dans l\u2019ensemble des circonstances<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>La r\u00e9ponse d\u00e9pend de <\/span>Qu\u2019est-ce que c\u2019est exactement le <\/span>Maire adjoint<\/span> signifie en \u00ab d\u00e9ployant \u00bb <\/span>l\u2019application sur tous les t\u00e9l\u00e9phones mobiles de la ville. <\/span>Je dirais que oui <\/span>Que <\/span>la Ville ne peut pas faire plus que <\/span>T\u00e9l\u00e9chargez l\u2019application<\/span> sur ses t\u00e9l\u00e9phones<\/span>, <\/span>si tant est que \u00e7a arrive. <\/span>Le <\/span>COVID <\/span>Alerte A<\/span>PP permet aux utilisateurs de contr\u00f4ler leurs informations priv\u00e9es \u00e0 chaque \u00e9tape de son fonctionnement. <\/span>La Ville ne peut pas et ne doit pas interf\u00e9rer avec cela <\/span>Contr\u00f4le utilisateur<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Est-ce que le \u00ab d\u00e9ploiement \u00bb interf\u00e8re avec ce contr\u00f4le? C\u2019est le cas sur un front : au lieu de <\/span>pouvoir contr\u00f4ler si l\u2019utilisateur s\u2019inscrit, le \u00ab d\u00e9ploiement \u00bb <\/span>pourrait <\/span>signifier <\/span>que les travailleurs <\/span>doivent se d\u00e9sinscrire. <\/span>Je ne dis pas qu\u2019ils peuvent<\/span> suivre la localisation de leurs employ\u00e9s pour des raisons de sant\u00e9 publique<\/span> \u2013 ce n\u2019est pas comme \u00e7a que l\u2019application fonctionne. <\/span>Mais<\/span> <\/span>est-ce que le Conseil<\/span> pourrait pousser l\u2019application Alerte COVID (avec option d\u2019adh\u00e9sion) \u00e0 ses employ\u00e9s, dont les informations pourraient potentiellement \u00eatre partag\u00e9es avec d\u2019autres utilisateurs de l\u2019application et potentiellement des responsables de la sant\u00e9 publique? <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Pour que la Ville incite ses employ\u00e9s <\/span>\u00e0 utiliser<\/span> l\u2019application, <\/span>elle pourrait commencer par encourager <\/span>autant<\/span> <\/span>par<\/span> divers moyens de communication et de plaidoyer<\/span>. <\/span> <\/span>Mieux encore, offrez des incitatifs<\/span>. <\/span>Si <\/span>le conseil<\/span> insistait pour aller plus loin, la <\/span>seule solution <\/span>serait l\u2019installation de l\u2019application Alerte COVID<\/span>, <\/span>sans plus<\/span>. <\/span> <\/span>Ainsi , l\u2019utilisateur doit s\u2019inscrire activement \u00e0 la fonctionnalit\u00e9 de l\u2019application Alerte COVID<\/span>, m\u00eame si cela suppose <\/span>la connaissance et l\u2019autonomisation des travailleurs.<\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>Si l\u2019employeur pr\u00e9sume que les employ\u00e9s<\/span><\/span> <\/span>et saisir ces informations pour l\u2019employ\u00e9, alors ce serait d\u00e9raisonnable, et donc ill\u00e9gal. <\/span>La Ville, parmi tous les employeurs, devrait prendre les droits des travailleurs au s\u00e9rieux, ce qui signifie respecter leur <\/span>dignit\u00e9, <\/span>leur autonomie et leur vie priv\u00e9e pour faire leurs propres choix concernant <\/span>le partage de leurs <\/span>contacts,<\/span><\/span> <\/span>et ultimement leur \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9,<\/span> <\/span>avec d\u2019autres. <\/span>Le risque plus important <\/span>survient avec<\/span> <\/span>La plus grande ville du Canada <\/span>avance trop vite<\/span>, <\/span>provoquant<\/span> une avalanche d\u2019employeurs <\/span>d\u00e9raisonnables <\/span><\/span> <\/span>exigeant une main-d\u2019\u0153uvre vuln\u00e9rable<\/span>, et ruinant la confiance <\/span>n\u00e9cessaire aux <\/span>solutions <\/span> de sant\u00e9 <\/span>publique de haute technologie <\/span>pour r\u00e9aliser leur potentiel<\/span> au Canada<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1461″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 l\u2019approche d\u2019une deuxi\u00e8me vague du coronavirus au Canada, le maire adjoint de Toronto, Stephen Holiday, demande au conseil municipal (le 30 septembre) s\u2019il est temps pour la Ville de tirer parti de son pouvoir en tant qu\u2019employeur, en \u00ab d\u00e9ployant \u00bb l\u2019application de notification d\u2019exposition du pays, Alerte COVID, sur tous ses t\u00e9l\u00e9phones cellulaires appartenant \u00e0 la Ville, utilis\u00e9s par des milliers d\u2019employ\u00e9s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":15126,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[317,277],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-15123","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-surveillance-et-technologie","8":"category-vie-privee"},"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019h\u00f4tel de ville peut-il \u00ab d\u00e9ployer \u00bb une application de tra\u00e7age de contacts sur ses t\u00e9l\u00e9phones? 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