{"id":14119,"date":"2024-01-26T09:46:40","date_gmt":"2024-01-26T14:46:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/non-classe\/faq-sur-la-loi-sur-les-situations-durgence\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T14:18:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T18:18:10","slug":"faq-sur-la-loi-sur-les-situations-durgence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/fr\/affaires-majeures-et-rapports\/loi-sur-les-situations-durgence\/faq-sur-la-loi-sur-les-situations-durgence\/","title":{"rendered":"FAQ sur la Loi sur les situations d\u2019urgence"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1355″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_1=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbpost-links\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n

Pourquoi la CCLA a-t-elle poursuivi le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral en justice pour contester son utilisation de la Loi sur les situations d\u2019urgence<\/em>?<\/h4>\n

Le recours juridique de la CCLA ne portait pas sur les manifestations d\u2019Ottawa \u2013 celles-ci comprenaient des blocus, qui avaient caus\u00e9 de graves difficult\u00e9s aux r\u00e9sidents d\u2019Ottawa, et encore plus de dommages aux membres des communaut\u00e9s marginalis\u00e9es de la ville.<\/p>\n

La pr\u00e9occupation de la CCLA et la base de notre d\u00e9fi concernaient un gouvernement qui s\u2019accorderait d\u2019immenses et extraordinaires pouvoirs d\u2019urgence contournant les freins et contrepoids habituels du syst\u00e8me d\u00e9mocratique. Ces pouvoirs peuvent \u00eatre n\u00e9cessaires dans des circonstances extr\u00eames, mais ils sont aussi dangereux pour la d\u00e9mocratie et nos droits et libert\u00e9s. Notre position est que les blocus, bien que graves, \u00e9taient une question de police. Ce qui inqui\u00e9tait la CCLA, c\u2019\u00e9tait l\u2019utilisation par le gouvernement de la Loi sur les situations d\u2019urgence<\/em>. Les pouvoirs d\u2019urgence ne devraient pas \u00eatre normalis\u00e9s \u2013 ils devraient \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s avec parcimonie et prudence pour \u00e9viter les abus gouvernementaux et les violations des libert\u00e9s civiles. <\/p>\n

Quand la loi sur les urgences<\/em> est-elle entr\u00e9e en vigueur?<\/h4>\n

Le gouvernement a invoqu\u00e9 la Loi sur les situations d\u2019urgence<\/em> le 14 f\u00e9vrier 2022, puis l\u2019a r\u00e9voqu\u00e9e le 23 f\u00e9vrier 2022.<\/p>\n

La Loi sur les situations d\u2019urgence<\/em> est-elle la m\u00eame que la Loi sur les mesures de guerre<\/em>?<\/h4>\n

La Loi sur les situations d\u2019urgence<\/em> a remplac\u00e9 la Loi sur les mesures de guerre<\/em> en 1988. Auparavant, la Loi sur les mesures de guerre<\/em> a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e \u00e0 trois reprises : pendant la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale, la Seconde Guerre mondiale et la crise d\u2019octobre 1970. La CCLA s\u2019est oppos\u00e9e \u00e0 certaines mesures mises en \u0153uvre en vertu de la War Measures Act<\/em> en 1970 en raison de graves violations des libert\u00e9s civiles \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque. La CCLA a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la r\u00e9forme de la Loi sur les mesures de guerre<\/em>, ce qui a finalement men\u00e9 \u00e0 la Loi sur les situations<\/em> d\u2019urgence. La Loi sur les situations d\u2019urgence<\/em> visait \u00e0 imposer un seuil d\u2019utilisation plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 et une meilleure protection des libert\u00e9s civiles. <\/p>\n

La CCLA est-elle all\u00e9e en cour pour soutenir les organisateurs des convois de camions?<\/h4>\n

La CCLA s\u2019est adress\u00e9e aux tribunaux en raison de l\u2019utilisation d\u00e9raisonnable des pouvoirs d\u2019urgence et de la violation des libert\u00e9s civiles.<\/p>\n

La CCLA croit que la manifestation est un outil d\u00e9mocratique essentiel pour les personnes qui luttent pour de nombreux enjeux diff\u00e9rents. Elle b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d\u2019une protection constitutionnelle gr\u00e2ce aux garanties de libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, de r\u00e9union pacifique et d\u2019association de la Charte canadienne<\/em> des droits et libert\u00e9s. Ces droits ne peuvent \u00eatre limit\u00e9s que s\u2019il existe un besoin et une justification d\u00e9montrables, et seulement si la limite est aussi minimale que possible. La CCLA ne s\u2019est pas oppos\u00e9e au d\u00e9mant\u00e8lement des blocus \u00e0 Ottawa, qui avaient caus\u00e9 des torts aux r\u00e9sidents d\u2019Ottawa, en particulier aux individus et groupes marginalis\u00e9s. <\/p>\n

Le droit de manifester est-il plus important que les droits des habitants de la r\u00e9gion?<\/h4>\n

La CCLA croit que la manifestation est un outil d\u00e9mocratique essentiel prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par la constitution. Ces droits ne peuvent \u00eatre limit\u00e9s que s\u2019il existe un besoin et une justification d\u00e9montrables, et seulement si la limite est aussi minimale que possible. La CCLA ne s\u2019est pas oppos\u00e9e au d\u00e9mant\u00e8lement des blocus \u00e0 Ottawa, qui avaient caus\u00e9 des torts aux r\u00e9sidents d\u2019Ottawa, en particulier aux individus et groupes marginalis\u00e9s. <\/p>\n

La CCLA a-t-elle des ressources sur les droits des manifestants?<\/h4>\n

Vous pouvez consulter notre guide Connaissez vos droits pour les manifestants Tiens.<\/a><\/p>\n

Pourquoi la CCLA est-elle quand m\u00eame all\u00e9e devant les tribunaux apr\u00e8s la Commission d\u2019urgence pour l\u2019ordre public?<\/h4>\n

La Commission et la Cour jouent des r\u00f4les diff\u00e9rents dans l\u2019examen de la d\u00e9cision du gouvernement d\u2019invoquer la Loi sur les situations d\u2019urgence<\/em>. Les deux sont des freins \u00e0 l\u2019exercice de ce pouvoir extraordinaire par le gouvernement. <\/p>\n

Le mandat de la Commission \u00e9tait de d\u00e9terminer ce qui a conduit aux manifestations et ce qui a conduit factuellement \u00e0 l\u2019invocation de la Loi sur les urgences<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Bien que le commissaire ait estim\u00e9 que le seuil avait \u00e9t\u00e9 atteint, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 clair que des personnes raisonnables pouvaient \u00eatre en d\u00e9saccord avec lui et qu\u2019il ne faisait pas de \u00ab conclusion juridique stricte \u00bb.<\/p>\n

C\u2019\u00e9tait le r\u00f4le de la Cour. La Cour examinait si les d\u00e9finitions juridiques et le seuil l\u00e9gal \u00e9taient atteints lors de l\u2019invocation de la Loi sur les situations d\u2019urgence<\/em>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1461″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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