{"id":12831,"date":"2026-03-24T18:14:45","date_gmt":"2026-03-24T22:14:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/non-classe\/enjeux-cles-de-lonu-evaluation-brutale-des-reformes-de-limmigration-du-projet-de-loi-c-12-et-une-erosion-generale-des-droits-de-la-personne-au-canada\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T14:04:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T18:04:48","slug":"enjeux-cles-de-lonu-evaluation-brutale-des-reformes-de-limmigration-du-projet-de-loi-c-12-et-une-erosion-generale-des-droits-de-la-personne-au-canada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.ccla.org\/fr\/egalite\/enjeux-cles-de-lonu-evaluation-brutale-des-reformes-de-limmigration-du-projet-de-loi-c-12-et-une-erosion-generale-des-droits-de-la-personne-au-canada\/","title":{"rendered":"Enjeux cl\u00e9s de l\u2019ONU : \u00e9valuation brutale des r\u00e9formes de l\u2019immigration du projet de loi C-12 et une \u00e9rosion g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des droits de la personne au Canada"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb 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column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_direction_desktop=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb desktop_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_backdrop_filter=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb column_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Alors que le projet de loi C-12 s\u2019appr\u00eate \u00e0 recevoir son examen final au Parlement, le Comit\u00e9 des droits de la personne des Nations Unies a tir\u00e9 la sonnette d\u2019alarme<\/a> concernant les nouvelles dispositions d\u2019inadmissibilit\u00e9 du projet de loi, qui priveraient les demandeurs d\u2019asile de garanties proc\u00e9durales ad\u00e9quates dans l\u2019\u00e9valuation de leurs demandes.<\/p>\n

Comme la CCLA l\u2019a not\u00e9<\/a> dans ses observations<\/a> et t\u00e9moignages<\/a> parlementaires, le projet de loi C-12 cr\u00e9e de nouvelles cat\u00e9gories d\u2019inadmissibilit\u00e9 qui privent les demandeurs d\u2019asile de leur droit \u00e0 une audience et \u00e0 un appel complet devant la Commission de l\u2019immigration et des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Ces dispositions d\u2019inadmissibilit\u00e9 seront fond\u00e9es sur des crit\u00e8res arbitraires. Toute personne entrant au Canada plus d\u2019un an avant de demander le statut de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 serait inadmissible, m\u00eame s\u2019il n\u2019y a aucune corr\u00e9lation entre la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 de la demande d\u2019un r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 et le moment o\u00f9 une personne est entr\u00e9e dans le pays. <\/p>\n

Un enfant qui a visit\u00e9 le Canada en vacances avec sa famille, un d\u00e9fenseur des droits humains venu parler \u00e0 des gens au Canada de leur pays d\u2019origine, ou quelqu\u2019un fuyant la pers\u00e9cution fond\u00e9e sur le genre qui a besoin de temps pour g\u00e9rer son traumatisme avant de faire avancer une demande \u2014 tout cela serait touch\u00e9 par les exclusions flagrantes du C-12.<\/p>\n

Pire encore, le projet de loi aura une application r\u00e9troactive, affectant toute personne qui est entr\u00e9e dans le pays apr\u00e8s le 24 juin 2020 et n\u2019a pas avanc\u00e9 de demande avant l\u2019introduction initiale du r\u00e9gime l\u00e9gislatif.<\/p>\n

Le gouvernement a soutenu que d\u2019autres m\u00e9canismes permettent aux r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s de faire avancer leurs demandes, mais comme l\u2019ont soulign\u00e9 la CCLA<\/a> et d\u2019autres (y compris le comit\u00e9 du S\u00e9nat<\/a> qui a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 en profondeur le projet de loi), ces m\u00e9canismes manquent de garanties proc\u00e9durales essentielles.<\/p>\n

Dans ses observations, le Comit\u00e9 des droits de l\u2019homme de l\u2019ONU, charg\u00e9 de superviser et de statuer sur le Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques (CCPR),<\/a> a fait \u00e9cho aux pr\u00e9occupations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile concernant l\u2019\u00e9largissement des crit\u00e8res d\u2019in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9, appelant le gouvernement \u00e0 veiller \u00e0 ce que le projet de loi C-12 assure l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des \u00ab proc\u00e9dures justes et efficaces, avec toutes les garanties proc\u00e9durales n\u00e9cessaires \u00bb conform\u00e9ment au principe de non-refoulement.<\/p>\n

Pourtant, le gouvernement a refus\u00e9 tout amendement qui aurait r\u00e9ellement att\u00e9nu\u00e9 le pr\u00e9judice caus\u00e9 aux demandeurs par le projet de loi C-12, y compris les amendements propos\u00e9s par le S\u00e9nat qui auraient accord\u00e9 aux demandeurs d\u2019asile un droit \u00e0 une audience<\/a>, prolong\u00e9 la p\u00e9riode d\u2019exclusion arbitraire \u00e0 deux ans au lieu d\u2019un,<\/a> limit\u00e9 sa demande r\u00e9troactive<\/a> injuste ou prot\u00e9g\u00e9 les enfants<\/a> de son nouveau r\u00e9gime d\u2019inadmissibilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Refuser aux demandeurs d\u2019asile des garanties proc\u00e9durales cl\u00e9s les expose \u00e0 un risque grave de pers\u00e9cution, de torture ou pire. Cela nuit aussi \u00e0 la cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 du Canada sur la sc\u00e8ne internationale en tant que pays engag\u00e9 envers les droits humains et la protection des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s. <\/p>\n

Les conclusions du Comit\u00e9 CCPR, publi\u00e9es dans le cadre de son bilan d\u00e9cennal des droits de la personne au Canada, ne s\u2019arr\u00eatent pas au projet de loi C-12, qui dresse un tableau alarmant de l\u2019\u00e9rosion du respect des libert\u00e9s civiles dans le pays.<\/p>\n

Le Comit\u00e9 souligne une attaque<\/a> contre le droit \u00e0 la manifestation pacifique<\/a>, notamment par une surveillance accrue des voix dissidentes<\/a>; une tendance croissante \u00e0 immuniser la l\u00e9gislation contre l\u2019examen de la Charte<\/a> en invoquant dangereusement fr\u00e9quemment la clause d\u00e9rogatoire; des lois qui p\u00e9nalisent de fa\u00e7on disproportionn\u00e9e les minorit\u00e9s religieuses en cr\u00e9ant des barri\u00e8res \u00e0 leur <\/a>participation \u00e0 l\u2019emploi public<\/a> (notamment le projet de loi 21 du Qu\u00e9bec); un \u00e9chec \u00e0 traiter ad\u00e9quatement la surrepr\u00e9sentation<\/a> continue des Autochtones et des Noirs dans notre syst\u00e8me de justice p\u00e9nale; la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pour le Canada de reconsid\u00e9rer sa d\u00e9signation des \u00c9tats-Unis comme destination \u00ab s\u00e9curitaire \u00bb de pays tiers pour rapatrier les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s, compte tenu du risque que cela repr\u00e9sente pour ceux qui transitent vers le Canada par les \u00c9tats-Unis; des propositions<\/a> l\u00e9gislatives visant \u00e0 instaurer des pouvoirs de surveillance \u00e9tendus<\/a> (y compris le projet de loi C-2, r\u00e9cemment r\u00e9introduit sous le nom de projet de loi C-22<\/a>) et plus encore.<\/p>\n

Pris ensemble, le pronostic global du paysage des droits de la personne au Canada n\u2019est pas bon.<\/p>\n

Les observations finales du Comit\u00e9 devraient servir d\u2019alerte \u00e0 tous les niveaux de gouvernement au Canada. En ce qui concerne le projet de loi C-12, la CCLA appelle le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral \u00e0 accepter les conclusions du Comit\u00e9 et \u00e0 r\u00e9affirmer son engagement envers un syst\u00e8me de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s juste et efficace, qui respecte les droits de la personne, en revenant sur cette proposition l\u00e9gislative. [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_direction_desktop=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb desktop_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_backdrop_filter=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb column_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1461″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enjeux cl\u00e9s de l\u2019ONU : \u00e9valuation brutale des r\u00e9formes de l\u2019immigration du projet de loi C-12 et une \u00e9rosion g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des droits de la personne au Canada - CCLA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb 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